CRACK99 by David Locke Hall

Author:David Locke Hall
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

In these circumstances it is clear that the main element of any United States policy toward the Soviet Union must be that of long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies.

Strategic crossroads pose great peril; there is danger coming from more than one direction. The Soviet Union did pose a great strategic threat, but the question of how to contain that threat presented its own set of hazards, as the Korean and Vietnam Wars amply demonstrate.

The Soviet Union in 1947 is not the only example of a former U.S. ally-turned-adversary. Prior to the Iranian revolution of 1979, which overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty, the United States and Iran were allies. Since 1979, the two countries have been at odds. The revolution was not only anti-Pahlavi but also anti-American, as demonstrated by the forcible capture of the U.S. embassy and the kidnapping of U.S. citizens, who were held hostage for 444 days. Ultimately, the revolution led to the formation of an Islamic republic, governed by Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. I visited Iran in 1976, just three years before the revolution, and demonstrated profound sagacity when I wrote to my parents to let them know Iran was not as stable as the U.S. government seemed to think, and that the Iranian students were anti-American and anti-Shah. Unfortunately, I brought my sagacity meter back to zero by telling them not to worry about me; I had been to the U.S. embassy and it was like a fortress, so I planned to go there at the first sign of trouble.

President Jimmy Carter imposed the first embargo against Iran in 1980. President Ronald Reagan imposed additional sanctions in 1987, and every U.S. President since then has enforced an embargo against Iran. And with what results? According to the Department of Defense in 2012:

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